Card punching machine



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' ration of a bill.

, totalizer.

Patented June 2, 19u42 UNITED Y STATES PATENT OFFICE CARD PUNCHINGMACHINE Clair D. Lake, Binghamton, and Francis E.

Hamilton, Endicott, N. Y., assignors to International Business MachinesCorporation, New vYork, N. Y., a corporation of New York ApplicationMarch 26,1941, serial No. 35,274

' 23 claims. v (el. 16s-113) novel intercontrols which may be provided.be-` tween record punching means and any suitable typewriter in whichinformation is typed within spaced, predetermined fields on successivelines provided to coordinately eject a record card and line space thework sheet.

It is desired to punch the information typed in a particular field of aline of the work sheet ina predetermined, assigned field of the recordcard. Another object is to provide means for coordinating the spacing ofa field of the work of a work sheet, as, for example, in the prepa-However, for purposes of the disclosure, the invention is preferablyapplied to apparatus which includes the typewriter-computing machine ofour application, Serial No. 305,792, filed November 24, 1939. In thismachine, each item of a bill is typed on a different line of a worksheet. Such an item may involve multiplication of two factors, asquantity and price. These factors are manually typed in assignedquantity and price fields of the bill sheet and entered, as a-result oftheir being typed, in a value retaining means. After the factors havebeen typed, multiplying means receives the factors from the valueretaining means and obtains their produce. If the item is a debit, theproduct is automatically typed in a debit extension field, and enteredadditively into a totalizer. If the item is a credit, the operatordepresses a credit key and, as a result, the product is automaticallytyped in a credit extension field and entered subtractively, bycomplement addition, in the totalizer. For a simple credit amount-onenot involving multiplicationthe operator depresses the credit key, thenmanually types the credit amount in the credit extension field and, as aresult, the amount is subtractively entered in the When a plurality oflines of items have been typed on a bill and the balance is required,the operator depresses a total key and brings the total extension fieldof the bill to typing position. The balance is then automatically typedin the total field.

It is desired to punch tabulating or record cards with the informationtyped on the bill. 1

`on a work sheet. Stated differently, this object is to provide meansfor coordinating each line spacing operation of the work sheet with thefeed of a new record card into punchinglposition. It may also be statedas an object that means are sheet to typing position with thepositioning of a predetermined card field in punching position; Statedin another way, the object is to provide means for delaying the punchingof information in a predetermined field of the record card until thisrecord. field and the field of the work sheet intended for receiving thetyped information are both in theirl respective recording positions.Again, it is also an object to delay typing of the information in afield of the work sheet until the record field intended to be punchedwith this information is in punching position.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel classificationcontrols to cause punching of a special designation in the record cardto denote a special classification for an item-being typed. Thus, thetotal item may be distinguished by punching a special designation in acertain column of the record card While a credit item may bedistinguished by punching of a special designation in a different columnof the record card. It is an object, further, to control such specialclassification punching by classifying means including therein thecredit and total keys and credit total detecting means.

Each bill field for receiving a value has a predetermined number ofcolumns. amount to be typed in the field has a less number of columns,the typewriter space bar is operated to effect intraline spacing to skipthe columns of the bill field preceding the column for receiving thefirst significant figure. The record card field assigned for receivingthe amount which is typed in the bill field has a correspond' ing numberof columns. However, it is not desired toleave blank those columns ofthe record field preceding the column to be punched with the firstsignificant figure. Hence, an object of the invention is to providemeans controlled by the aforesaid skipping operation of the space barfor punching zero designations in the columns of the record fieldpreceding the column to contain writer, the invention contemplates thealterna-w tive control of the zero punching `by the zero digit key andthe space bar.

Another object is to provide means for ejecting a card and ufeeding in anew one as a result of operation of an error key which also clearsinadvertent errors out of the computer.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the followingdescription and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention andthe best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view, showing the calculator and typewriter units, andthe circuit cable to the punching device.

Fig. 1a is a chart giving the full names of certain control keys shownin Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 is a side View of a selector switch used in the machine.

Fig. 3 is a section along lines 3-3 of Fig. 1, through the productbankof the calculator.

Fig. 3a is a diagrammatic view of a readout commutator order of thetotal bank.

Fig. 4 is a section view showing the elusive one means of the totalbank.

Fig. 5 is asection along lines 5-5 of Fig. 1, showing the drive clutchmeans of the calculator.

Figs. 6 and 7 are sections along lines 5-5 and 1 -1, respectively, ofFig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the reset means o'f an accumulator bank.

Fig. 9 is-a section through the typewriter.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of carriage-operated contacts in the typewriter.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the punch unit.

Fig. 12 shows a fragment of a record card punched with a line of typedinformation.

Fig. 13 is a fragment of a bill prepared by the machine.

Fig. 14 is a partly sectional elevational view of the punching unit.

Fig. 15 is a sectional viewA through the punching unit taken behind thesection plane of Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is an elevational View of eject means in the punching unit.

Fig. 17 is a view of release key means in the punching unit.

Fig. 18 is a detail section along lines I8-I8 of Fig. 16.

Fig. 19 is a detail view of the escapement means and related parts.

Fig. 19a is a broken, detail View of the skip bar.

Figs. 20a and 20h are timing charts, and

Figs. 21a to 21g are views showing the circuit diagram.

THE Bru.

Fig. 13 shows a fragment of an illustrative bill which may be preparedby the machine. The bill sheet has the usual heading area to receive theheading and, below the heading area, has the item area toreceive linesof items. The item area is divided into vertical fields, which, fromleft to right, are the code number field (Lot No), the quantity field(QU), the dollars orders field of the Price section, the tens and unitscents orders field of the Price section, the Description field, thedollars field of the Debit section, the

the description field. The heading area may thus be considered as partof the description field.

The bill items may be debit or credit items, only a few of which areshown in Fig. 13. The first item of the illustrative bill is a computeddebit. The item on lin 4 is a computed credit while the item on line 5is a simple credit. The net balance or total is typed below the lastitem.

RECORD CARDS (Fig. 12) The machine is to punch record' cards with theinformation typed in the body of the bill. One record card is to bepunched for each item and total typed on the bill. The code used in thepresent case is the well-known Hollerith code in vwhich a singleperforation in a card column in one of the index position 9 to 0designates the corresponding value. The card is divided into severalfields of which the three left hand fields correspond to the similarlydesignated fields of the bill (Fig. 13). Columns I5 to 32 are adapted tobe punched with pattern card information. Columns 33 to 4l) constitutethe amount eld which may be punched with the amount typed in the debit,credit, or total sections of the bill. To' differentiate a total cardfrom item cards, the total card will be punched in column I with an X or11 perforation. To differentiate a credit from a debit card, the creditcard will be punched in column 35 with the X perforation. Fig. 12 showsthe card corresponding to line I of the bill.

THE TYPEWRITEB. UNIT Referring to Figs. 1 and 9, the typewriter unit TUis of a well known kind, the general princi.

ples of which may be found in Patents Nos. 1,777,055 and 1,873,512.Depression of a key I0 releases a latch I I from a cam- I2, permittingthe cam to be forced by a lever I3 against a friction roller I4constantly rotated b-y the typewriter motor.` As cam I2 engages theroller I4, it is rocked together with its carrier I5 in a direction todepress the connected link I6. This link, through linkage I1, propelsthe type bar I8 against the sheet on platen I9, thereby typing thecharacter corresponding to the operated key. Towards the end of thestroke of the type bar, it strikes a universal member 20 which, througha link 2|, actuates the escapement control 22 to cause an intraline orcharacter spacing operation of typewriter carriage 23. Operation of thespace bar SP also causes a similar intraline spacing.

The carriage return means including a key CR depression of whichinitiates automatic action of the carriage return mechanism, which maybe of the kind disclosed in Patent No. 1,955,614.

The tab spacing means is of the automatic type, such'as disclosed inPatent No. 1,935,436, and includes the tab key TAB, depression of whichinitiates automatic action of the tabular spacing mechanism to effecttab spacing in accordance with the setting of the tab stops (not shown).The tab stops are set in accordance with the required lateral spacing ofthe lists or vertical elds of the bill (Fig. 13) to be prepared.

Mounted on the frame behind typewriter carriage 23 isa normally openswitch 24 (see Fig. 10). An extension 25' of the left margin stop 25closes the switch when the carriage is returned to the beginning of theline.

The carrier I5 of each of the digit keys has an insulating roller 26 forengaging the adjacent quantity and price key,..when depressed, 28, andthe depression of the tab key similarly closes a pair of relatedcontacts 28.

A solenoid 38 is associated with each digit key, the carria'ge returnkey, the tab key, and the assenso l ciated contacts 28 and 28p. Thecarriage return closes associated contactsspace bar.` Energization ofasolenoid 80 acts through linkage 3l to depress the associated elementautomatically. l

' 'I'he typewriter unit also is provided with several control keysincluding an error key EK; a credit key CK, a total key TK, and a totaland resetkey TRK, each closing contacts which atre shown in the circuitdiagram, Fig. 2Ia.

Also included in the typewriter unit, in addition to the usualtypewriter motor switch SW-T, are a three-pole switch SW-L, a productbank reset switch SW-PR, and asummary punch gang lswitch SW-SP (seeFigs. 1 and 21a).

The functions of the switches, the special keys, the key contacts, andthe key solenoids will be explained hereinafter in detail in connectionwith the circuits.

THE CALCULATOR UNIT Drive.-Referring to Figs. 1 and 5, the motor M-Crotates a shaft 32 to which is fixed a toothed driving clutch disk 33adapted to be engaged by a clutch dog 34 carried by a clutch arm 35fixed to the calculator cycle shaft 36. 'Ihe clutch dog and arm arenormally latched by a lever 31 and associated rebound latch 31. Thelatch lever is provided with an armature portion 38 associated with aclutch magnet 40. Energization of the clutch magnet releases lever 31from the clutch dog and arm, causing the clutch dog to engage a notch ofthe driving disk 33 and thus couple shaft 36 to shaft 32 least onerevolution.

Accumulator banks.-The calculator unit has two accumulator banks ACC-Pand ACC- T, respectively the Product and Total banks. The generalconstruction of these'a'ccumulator banks is similar to that disclosed inPatent No. 1,976,617. Briefly, shaft,36, through gears 4I (see Fig. 3)rotates a shaft 42 acting, through gears 43, to rotate a shaft 44. Thelatter shaft, through individual clutch connections selectively renderedeffective by double coil entry magnets CM, one for each order, drivesgears 45, each meshed with a gear 46 on an indicator Wheel 41, rotatablymounted on a shaft 48. Gear 45 is meshed also with a gear 49 of therotor 5U associated with the same denominational order or column of thereadout commutator PRO (see Fig. 2lb) of the product bank as theindicator wheel. This product bank commutator is similar to the readoutcommutator o'f Patent No. 1,976,617. The gear ratio between shaft 44 andthe rotor 50 is such as to cause the rotor to make 4 one revolution fortwo of the indicator wheels.

The rotor 50 of each column hastwo diametrically opposite brushes orfeelers 5I, alternating into the total bank, the elusive "1 for atduring successive cycles, in engaging the collector ring 52 of thecolumn and the segments 53-0 to 9 common to two adjacent columns.

The product bank is used to obtain `the product-of two factors, which,for thelillustrative bill (Fig. 13), are the numbers under the headingsA total bank ACC-T is used to obtain a balance of the items on one ormore bills. 'The itemsmay be either debit or credit items. The

debit may be considered as the plus item, while the credit item may beconsidered as the minus item. The debit amounts are entered additivelyor as plus numbers into the total bank, while the credit amounts areentered substractively,

as complements. The readout commutator TRO (Fig. 2lb) of the total bankis similar in principle to those disclosed in Patents Nos. 2,007,375,and 2,045,437. One order of this commutator is shown diagrammatically inFig. 3a and comprises axially spaced plus and minus collector ringsrespectively wiped by plus and minus brushes carried by rotors, otherbut which are commonly operated by one gear 49 in step with theoperation of the indicator wheel 41 of the same order. There are twodiametrically opposite minus brushes and.

two similarly disposed plus brushes, and while one plus brush iswipingthe plus collector ring, the opposite plus brush is traversing thecommutator segments 0 to 8. The minus brushes are one step behind theplus brushes, so that with the plus brush on the 0 segment, one minusbrush is on the 9 segment and the opposite minus brush on the minuscollector ring.- Simi.- larly, with the plus/brush on the I, 2, 3, or 9segment, the minus brush is on the 0, I, 2, or 8 segment.

In entering the complement of a credit item must be added to the unitsorder. I The elusive 1 means vis such as disclosed in Patent No,`1,976,617. Referring to Fig. 4, the elusive "1 magnet ELM, uponenergization, releases armature latch 55 from the' rockably mounted'armcarry over pawl 51 (also see Fig. 3) engaged with the carry arm 58 ofthe units order wheel 41. The release of arm 56 permits a spring 59 torock the arm 4rearwardly against the carry bail 60. After the digitentry portion of an accumulator cycle (see Fig. 20a), a cam 6I (Fig. 4)on shaft 42 acts, through a lever 62 linked to bail 60, to rock the bailforwardly, thereby returning the carry arm 56 into latching engagementwith the armature latch 55 of the meanwhile deenergized magnet ELM. Asthe arm 56 is restored, the pawl 51 engages a tooth of carn'58 to movethe units order wheel 41 one step, adding the elusive "1 to the unitscolumn of the total bank.

The carry over mechanism between adjacent orders of the accumulatorbanks is such as disclosed in Patent No. 1,976,617 and includes carrycams 58 and pawls 51 for each of different orders, their carriers 56,latches 55, bail 60, link 62, and cam 6i. When an' indicator wheel,during the entry period, moves from 9 to 0, a high tooth of theassociated carry cam 58 rocks the follower pawl 51 to an extentsufficient to cause a laterally extending ear 51' thereof to rock thelatch 51 of the next higher order downwardly so as to release the arm 56of the latter order. The operation of bail 68, after the entry period,rocks the released arm 56 to cause the pawl 51 carried thereby toadvance the latter order one step.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 8, the reset means for the accumulator banks isof the type disclosed in Patent No. 2,049,690. There is a reset magnetRM for each bank, energization of which causes rotation of the shaft 48of the indicator wheels of the related bank to effect resetting of theindicator wheels and the other, connected eleinsulated from each 56lwhich supports the'

